Virginia Bolten

Virginia Bolten

1876-1960

Argentinaf arotievaf ayikyevik isu nuyevik

Virginia Bolten ( kobl- ba 26/12/1876 koe San Luis, koe Argentina, aw- bak 1960 koe Montevideo koe Uruguaya ) tiyir arotievaf ayikyevik isu nuyevik.

Koe Argentina remi 1896 is 1897 va Voz de la Mujer virda ( Puda ke Ayikya ) sanegar, i va taneafa ayikyevafa is artowasa fela dene dodelafa pula is taneaf arotiayikyevaf sanegaks koe tamava. Adja : « Me lorik mei tilik mei kurenik ( Ni dios, ni patron, ni marido )».

Blirizva

Nazbeikya ke germanafe divlamasikye tisa avlemodaf dolekik, koe Rosario ta vukudiara taneon kobar aze koe botafe tugemaxe ke widava zo uner.

Va Juan Marquez rungruper, i va bewik ke grosiba dem kobasik ke vukudafa raba, aze di yerumar.

Walvedeyaf vielcek ke kobasikeem

Bak 1889 radimi stakera ke Haymarket Square koe Chicago koe Tanarasokeem, dodelaf lizor gorar da kot taneaf viel ke alubeaksat di tir walvedeyaf vielcek ta lyumara. Bak balemeaksat ke 1890 koe Rosario, rijay ke Walvedeyafa Gesia dem Kobasikeem zo redur. Virginia is yona nikya va exaksara djukugrustad. Darevielon ina gan ardial zo soper aze zo kalerur kire va dask ke Walvedeyafa Neda ke Buenos Aires is nuyevafa galbedura kabdue ixepe ke gola al anamzilir, kire va « kruldesa seltafa vura » al vajiker.

Ba 01/05/1890 koe Montevideo, otson ice sipuxa dem decitoy kobasik, tigir ise va ebeltaf nilt dem adja vas « Tanee ke alubeaksat, tamefa beruca » kosuteyena ton keraf eltay ploter. Teni diliodafa exaksara, Virginia is ayona sayudasikya kopulvid aze va kizeyafa tizuca kev dodelikeem ranked.

La Voz de la Mujer

Ba 08/01/1896 ina tir tana redusikya va Voz de la Mujer virda ( Puda ke Ayikya ).

Bak santaneaksat ke 1900 do Teresa Marchisio, va kevezgalday kevotces va katalikevafa uja grustar. Nume di zo soper.

Bak 1903 nope lana mwa icde sokera ( Ley de Residencia ) koe Argentina, jontik kolamasik gaderopon tegulas is grosibik is seltevik is arotievik zo aloyad. Numen Virginia Bolten ko Buenos Aires gonodivsoker lize va ayikyafa yastesa neda ke Federación Obrera Argentina grosiba denfir.

Divblira koe Uruguaya

Bak 1905 rodjera ke sayakafa kevsokara ke de Hipólito Yrigoyen va kategirevafe bowere gu warzafa dilfura va dodelaf lizor zo yontar. Lofiuntaf arotievik zo soped aze zo lanzad aze jontikviele zo rezgaled. Virginia is dositikye van Uruguaya zo aloyad.

Ina do María Collazo is Juana Rouco Buela is Teresa Caporaletti is Marta Neweelstein, bak 1907 va taneaf argentinaf arotievaf ayikyevaf rijay redur. Bak 1909 is 1910 va La Nueva Senda ayikyevafa fela dokobar ise va walvedeyaf tawuk lasugiwas va Francisco Ferrer paker, i va espanaf gaaropik lanzayan gu xonuka.

Virginia Bolten bak 1960 koe copafa Manga revava ke Montevideo koe Uruguaya awalkeyer.

Dere rupec

► Juana Rouco Buela

► Salvadora Medina Onrubia

Vuestexa

(fr) Joël Delhom is David Doillon is aryon, Viva la social ! : anarchistes & anarcho-syndicalistes en Amérique latine (1860-1930), Noir et Rouge, 2013
(en) Christine Ehrick, The shield of the weak: feminism and the state in Uruguay 1903-1933
(fr) Hélène Finet, Ni Dieu, ni patron, ni mari : Femmes, ouvrières et anarchistes à Buenos Aires (1890-1920), Orthez, Éd. Temps Perdu, 2009
(es) Maxime Molyneux, Movimientos de mujeres en América Latina
(es) Carlos Rama is Ángel Cappelletti, El anarquismo en América Latina
(fr) Daniel de Roulet, Dix petites anarchistes, Buchet-Chastel, 2018, ISBN 978-2-283-03178-0
(es) La Voz de la Mujer. Periódico comunista-anárquico, Buenos Aires, gan Universidad Nacional ke Quilmes, 2002, ISBN 987-9173-08-2
(en) Libcom, No God, no boss, no husband : The world’s first anarcha-feminist group, englavaf krent